Stove



May 169 1944., L. E. SEELEY l 2,348,933

STOVE Filed March 7, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 May i6, E944.

L.. E. SEELEY STOVE Filed March 7, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 16, i1944..

L. E. SEELEY STOVE Filed March 7, 1940 5 'sheets-sheet s Patented May 16, 1944 UNITED STATES-' PATENT OFFICE SVVTOVE Lauren E. Seeley, New Haven, Conn. Application Marchfz., 1940, serial No. 322,655

. v(Cl. 126-73) This invention relates to an improvement in l 2 claims.'

stoves, more particularly stoves of the magazine type for the combustion of solid fuel, and has as its primary object the provision of a magazine 'type of stove wherein air is supplied in two streams, one stream facilitating combustion and distillation of the solid fuel and directing the flow of gases resulting therefrom to the outlet stack, and the other stream for completing the burning of said gases.

Further objects of this invention reside in the provision of means whereby the damper controlling the draft is automatically closed upon the opening of the lid to the fuel magazine, in

the mounting of the lid to the fuel magazine so that when such lid is fully open the only path for smoke and gases is'through the magazine, andin other features of 'construction and operation which will be hereinafter described.

An embodiment of this invention in a wood burning stove has been selected for the purpose of describing the invention, it being understood that the invention is not limited thereto but may be employed for the burning of other fuels.

In the accompanying drawings in which the selected embodiment of this invention is illustrated,

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wood burning stove embodying this invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the hearth and associated elements taken along the line 2--2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the hearth taken along the line 3-3 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. l illustrating the upper part of the stove with the lids of the housing and fuel magazine both open;

Fig. 5 is a rear view of the upper portion of the stove;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the ele-: A l, ments forming the partitions of the mixing chamber. Figs. 7 and 8 are enlarged cross-sectional views of a partition of the `mixing chamber taken.; along Vthe lines 1--1 and 8-8, respectviely, in

Fig. l; and

' Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line` 9--9 in Fig. 4 with parts broken away.

The stove I comprises a housing II mounted upon a base I2. The housing II includes a conipartment I comprising a fuel magazine and Qa, combustion chamber, a compartment I6 whichv kextends in front of and over the iii-st compartf-v ment being separated therefrom by a vertical- I9 below the compartments and separated therefrom by a plate 20. The wa1l'I'1 may be a solid wall as shown in the drawings,l or a double wall providing a compartment having openings in the sides, at top and bottom through which water or air may be circulated to keep the partition cool and serve, if desired, asa supply for hot water. The plate rests upon ears 2I carried by and here shown as integral with the walls of the housing II.

The portion of the plate 20 below the fuel box I5 and which forms the hearth has a rectangular recess 22 therein in which recess the grate structure of the combustion chamber is con tained. The walls 23 of the recess are inwardly inclined and connected at the bottom by a frame integral therewith and comprising a cross-strap 24 between the side walls and a strap 25 extending from the bottom of the rear wall to the center of the strap 24. A boss 26 at the joinder of the straps 24 and 25 has a central opening 21 therein. The frame and its elements are here shown as integral parts integral with plate 2li but may, if desired, be separate parts suitably joined. Supported by the frame above the strap 24 is a crossbar 28 held in position by a pin 29 depending therefrom and received in the opening 21.

The grate structure in the recess comprises a stationary grate 3|) and a movable grate 3|. The stationary grate 30 rests upon suitably formed lands 32 on the side and rear walls and has a rectangular opening 33 at the center. Inclined side walls 34 project downwardly into the recess 22 and terminate in horizontal flanges 35 between which the bar 28 extends.

The movable grate 3l substantially closes the opening 33 and rests upon the bar 28 and flanges lli) wall I1 and a horizontal wall I8, and an ash pit 55 35. As shown in Fig. l, the grate 3| is reciprocable in the recess 22 below the opening 33. In the front wall of the recess 22 is formed a slot 36 through which extends an arm 31 of the grate 3|, said arm being accessible at the front of the stove for reciprocating the grate 3|.

The compartment I6 which is right angular in form leads at the rear of the stove to a pipe connection 40 through which the gases and smoke pass to the stack (not shown). At the base of the compartment I6 are mounted on the plate 20 a plurality of partitions 4I. Each partition comprises two plates 42. In the inner face of each plate 42 (see Fig. 6) are formed channels 43 leading from the bottom edge of the plate to a pocket 44 near the upper edge thereof. A converging opening 45 leads from the pocket 44 to the outer face of the plate. The channels 43 and pockets 44 are so positioned in tile plates that, when the inner faces abut to form the partition, the channels and pockets register as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Openings 45 through the plate 20 connect the channels 43 with the pit I9. The vertical wall I1 terminates short of the plate 20 and the partitions 4| are provided with extensions 41 which extend below the lower edge of the wall. Thus, the spaces between the partitions'are directlyvopen to the combustion chamber so that the vapors and gases of combustion enter freely and mix with the air supplied.

to such spaces by the openings 45, such air hav'- ing been previously heated as set forth below.v

This portion of the compartment Iiiv will accord-, ingly be hereinafter referred Kto as the mixing chamber.

The stove is substantially air-tight and air is .I

supplied through an opening 50 in the wall of the housing into the ash pit 19, such opening '50 being covered or uncovered by a damper plate 5| -pivotally mounted upon the housing. Inthe horizo-ntal Wall I8 is an opening 55 normally closed by the lid 55. The housing has an opening 51 over the opening 55 and normally closed by the lid 58. The lids 55 and 58 arehingedly mounted at the forward ends and a chain 59v connects the lids near the rear ends thereof so that they are opened simultaneously.

It is desirable that the damper plate 5| be closed when these lids are opened and the following construction is one which has been found to be a satisfactory Way of attaining this result.

Projecting from the lower edge of the damper 1.

plate 5| is a post 6i) (see Figs. 1 and 2) having a loop 5| at its outer end. A rod 62 extends through the loop 6| andcarries a head 63 which normally bears against the lower face of the loop 6|. A bar 64 is pivotally mounted intermediate itsy ends upon a stud 65 near the upper edge of the housing wall. The bar 54 is angular in vform and one leg is provided with a series of notches 66 which receive the hooked upperend of the rod 62. The other leg of the bar is below the rearward edge of the lid 53 so that when the lid is closed the bar 64 takeslthe full line position shown in Fig. 5, and when the lid is open it takes the dotted line position there shown. These movements of the bar 64 lower and raise the rod .62 and cause the damper plate 5| to cover or uncover the opening 5G.

The lid 56 when completely open, as shown in Fig. 4, rests against the flange 51 of the housing and is preferably of such width that vit extends substantially lfrom one side wall to the other of the housing and thus practically closes the compartment I6 (see Fig. 9).

A suitably formed door frame supports .a door 1| and closure plate 12. The plate 12 normally closes the mixing chamber. The door 1| affords access to the plate and also to the pit I9 so that the ash pan 13 may 'be lremoved therethrough, and to thearmj 3l so that the grate 3| can be reciprocated. A water pan 'I4 below the ash pit serves not only to supply humidity to the room, but also to catch any ashes that might fall when the ash pan 13 is removed. At the rear wall of the housing Il is mounted a water tank "I5 which may be of any desired construction so that the water in the tank which is heated by the stove `may be drawn off. A removable cover 4or shield 'I6 may also be provided to cover the rear portion of the opening 51 when the lids 56 and 53 are raised.

When using the stove I 0, in kindling a new fire, the lids 55 and 58 are raised to the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1. Paper and kindling are placed on the hearth in the combustion chamber of compartment I 5. The magazine chamber of that compartment is lled with wood or other solid fuel. The lids 5G and 58 are closed, and the damper plate 5| is opened to the desired amount by engaging the hooked end of the rod 62 with the proper notch 56. The door 'II is opened andfthe grate 3| pulled out slightly. Paper is then placed in the ash pan 'I3 and lighted. When .the lighted paper in the pan 'I3 has ignited the vnecessary by shifting the hooked end of rod 62 along the bar 64,

The combustion gases pass into the mixing chamber where they mix with the air supplied directly thereto through the opening 45 and are completely consumed. The heat of the re on the hearth distills gases from the wood which are carried with the combustion gases into the mixing chamber, mixed with the heated air supplied thereto and burned completely. The Wood, as the gases are distilled therefrom, is converted into charcoal which is consumed on the hearth. As the wood nearest the fire is burned, the remaining Wood descends in the vmagazine so that the re is at all times well supplied with fuel. v

The air passing to the mixing chamber through the channels 43 and pockets 44 of the partitions, which are in the path of `the combustion gasesis, of course, heated so that it mixes with the gases and definitely facilitates theii complete consumption. The consumed gases rise fromfthe mixing chamber through. the compartment. I5 to the stack connection 40 and thence to the stack. Practically al1 the heat Ygenerated by the fire is delivered through the walls of the housing, most of it being delivered from the` lower part of the stove as is of course most desirable.

The air admitted through the opening 5U separates tol two streams. The stream indicated by the arrows acts to promote the initial combustion on the hearthand also to direct the resulting gases to the mixing chamber. The stream indicated by the arrows 8| is heated as it passes through the channels 43, pockets 44 and openingsl 45 of the partitions 4|, mixes with the combustion gasesv and the gases of distillation in the mixing chamber and insures the complete combustion thereof. The ratev of fuel burning is controlled solely by this lair supply.

When the magazine is to be relled, the lids 55 and 58 are opened wide. As soon, as the lid 58 is raised the damper plate 5| closes the opening 5i) and cuts off the entry of air therethrough. The'lid 56 when fully open so closes the compartment |6 (seeFig. 9) that any smoke and gases given offl during refueling will rise through therlaga'zine chamber.` As soon as the lids 56 and 53 are opened, the cover 0r shield "I6 is placed over the rear portion of the opening 51 and makesa hood that'enables the chimney draft to pull any such smoke or gases from the open magazine. After the magazine has been filled, the cover or shield 16 is moved and the lids 55 .and 55 are closed. The closing of the lid 58 raises theV damper plate 5| so that the entry of air through the opening 50 is resumed and the stove is in normal operating condition.

While one embodiment of this invention has been shown and described,` it is understood that other embodiments thereof may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a stove of the fuel magazine type, in combination, means forming upwardly extending fuel and gas combustion chambers, an upwardly extending partition between said chambers and forming a common wall therefor, said partition terminating at a point spaced from the bottom of said chambers to provide a passage therebetween for gases flowing from the fuel chamber to the gas chamber, a flue, means forming a third chamber and connecting the top of said gas chamber with said flue, said third chamber extending over the top of the fuel chamber, said fuel and third chambers having openings in the top thereof, lids hinged to said fuel and third chambers for closing the openings therein, means connecting said lids whereby raising the lid on said third chamber raises the fuel chamber lid, said fuel chamber lid being pivoted adjacent the outlet of said gas chamber and the inlet of said third chamber and being of sufli' cient width so that when it is opened it pivots upwardly through said third chamber into en gagement with the Wall of said gas chamber to close the upper end of said gas chamber, means forming a grate in the bottom of said gas chamber adjacent said opening to retain the fuel in the fuel chamber but permit the flow of gases therefrom into the bottom of said gas chamber, means forming va passageway in said grate for air to flow therethrough into said gas chamber, an ashpit beneath said compartments, and draft means for supplying air to said fuel chamber and to said passageway.

2. Apparatus as described in claim l wherein the ashpit is provided wtih a pivoted damper which when open permits the ow of air into and through the ashpit, and means associated with said damper and with one of the lids for effecting the closing of said damper when said lids are opened.

LAUREN E. SEELEY. 

